Mark 15 : 19

Greek expresses the object with article + accusative noun + possessive genitive (τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ); Syriac adds the preposition ܥܠ ('upon his head') governing the striking, an idiomatic recasting, while Latin uses bare accusative caput + postposed genitive ejus. The Syriac suffix on ܪܫܗ subsumes the pronoun rather than using a separate token.

The Syriac inserts the dative-marked pronoun ܠܗ ('to/at him') as the indirect object of the striking, a feature absent from both the Greek and Latin which leave the recipient unexpressed beyond the accusative 'head'.

The Vulgate introduces a colon after arundine, a punctuation choice marking off the first abuse-clause from the spitting; neither the Greek nor the Syriac transmit any equivalent dividing mark here.

As with the verb of striking, the Greek imperfect ἐνέπτυον is rendered in Syriac periphrastically (ܪܩܝܢ ܗܘܘ), participle plus auxiliary, conveying ongoing action; Latin conspuebant matches the durative imperfect.

Greek and Latin use a simple dative/accusative pronoun (αὐτῷ / eum) for the one spat upon, whereas Syriac specifies ܒܐܦܘܗܝ ('in/on his face'), an explicating expansion making the indignity concrete rather than leaving the target merely as 'on him'.

Greek and Latin use a participial idiom for kneeling, 'placing/setting the knees' (τιθέντες τὰ γόνατα / ponentes genua); Syriac employs a dedicated verb of kneeling ܒܪܟ in periphrastic form (ܒܪܟܝܢ ܗܘܘ) reinforced by ܥܠ ܒܘܪܟܝܗܘܢ ('upon their knees'), a construction-level difference between a 'place the knees' phrase and a true kneeling verb.