Polyglot Concordance / Mk · Trial, Crucifixion, and Burial
New Testament · Trial, Crucifixion, and Burial · Mark

Mark 15 : 44

EN Pilate marveled if he were already dead; and summoning the centurion, he asked him whether he had been dead long.

ES Y Pilato se maravilló que ya fuese muerto; y haciendo venir al centurión, preguntóle si era ya muerto.

ZH-HANS 彼拉多诧异耶稣已经死了，便叫百夫长来，问他耶稣死了久不久。

ZH-HANT 彼拉多詫異耶穌已經死了，便叫百夫長來，問他耶穌死了久不久。

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批判性批註

5 處異文 · 3 處見證
𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul
grammar All three attest
Greek NT ὁ δὲ Πιλᾶτος
Peshitta ܦܝܠܛܘܣ ܕܝܢ
Vulgate Pilatus autem

Greek employs the article ὁ with postpositive δέ ('And the Pilate'), whereas Peshitta and Vulgate use the proper name without article (ܦܝܠܛܘܣ ܕܝܢ / Pilatus autem), reflecting standard Semitic and Latin practice for proper nouns.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul
expansion All three attest
Greek NT εἰ ἤδη τέθνηκεν
Peshitta ܕܐܢ ܡܢ ܟܕܘ ܡܝܬ
Vulgate si jam obiisset

Peshitta expands the conditional clause with the particle ܡܢ (min, 'from/already') before ܟܕܘ ('now'), yielding 'if from now he has died,' a pleonastic construction emphasizing temporal immediacy not present in Greek ἤδη τέθνηκεν or Latin iam obiisset.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul
construction All three attest
Greek NT καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος τὸν κεντυρίωνα
Peshitta ܘܩܪܐ ܠܩܢܛܪܘܢܐ
Vulgate Et accersito centurione

Greek uses a participial construction (προσκαλεσάμενος τὸν κεντυρίωνα, 'having summoned the centurion') with article; Vulgate mirrors this with ablative absolute (accersito centurione); Peshitta employs a finite verb with direct object marker (ܘܩܪܐ ܠܩܢܛܪܘܢܐ, 'and he called to the centurion'), a syntactic simplification typical of Syriac narrative style.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul
gloss All three attest
Greek NT ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτὸν
Peshitta ܘܫܐܠܗ
Vulgate interrogavit eum

Greek and Vulgate explicitly mark the direct object with αὐτόν / eum ('him'), whereas Peshitta incorporates the pronominal suffix directly onto the verb ܘܫܐܠܗ ('and-he-asked-him'), a standard Semitic morphological feature.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul
expansion All three attest
Greek NT εἰ πάλαι ἀπέθανεν
Peshitta ܕܐܢ ܡܢ ܩܕܡ ܥܕܢܐ ܡܝܬ
Vulgate si jam mortuus esset

Greek uses the adverb πάλαι ('long ago, of old') to express elapsed time; Vulgate repeats iam ('already') from the first clause. Peshitta expands with a prepositional phrase ܡܢ ܩܕܡ ܥܕܢܐ ('from before [this] time'), a periphrastic temporal construction that clarifies the duration more explicitly than either Greek or Latin.