Mark 2 : 5

Greek employs καὶ ἰδὼν δέ with two conjunctions (καί + δέ) framing the participle, a Markan stylistic feature. Peshitta ܟܕ ܚܙܐ ܕܝܢ and Vulgate Cum autem vidisset both use single temporal conjunctions with postpositive particles, achieving equivalent subordination through different syntactic means.

Greek includes the definite article ὁ before Ἰησοῦς, standard in Koine for proper names in narrative. Syriac ܝܫܘܥ and Latin Jesus lack articles, as neither language requires them for definite proper nouns in this syntactic position.

Greek uses articular accusative τὴν πίστιν αὐτῶν (article + noun + genitive pronoun). Peshitta employs a single construct-state noun ܗܝܡܢܘܬܗܘܢ with pronominal suffix, a typical Semitic compression. Vulgate fidem illorum mirrors Greek structure with demonstrative pronoun, though Latin permits article-less construction.

Greek places the dative article + substantive τῷ παραλυτικῷ before the vocative address. Peshitta ܠܗܘ ܡܫܪܝܐ maintains this order with preposition + demonstrative + participle. Vulgate paralytico appears after the colon, repositioning the addressee as a dative of reference post-verbally rather than pre-verbally.

Vulgate inserts a colon after paralytico to mark the transition to direct speech. Greek uses a raised dot (·) after παραλυτικῷ, while Peshitta employs no explicit punctuation marker, relying on syntactic context to signal the vocative address.

Greek τέκνον (neuter, 'child') and Syriac ܒܪܝ ('my son', with first-person possessive suffix) both function as affectionate vocatives. Vulgate Fili (masculine vocative, 'son') aligns semantically with Syriac but lacks the possessive nuance, reflecting Latin's preference for simple vocative forms in direct address.