Mark 3 : 13

Greek uses present tense ἀναβαίνει (historic present); Vulgate employs a present participle ascendens; Syriac uses the perfect ܣܠܩ. All three convey the same narrative action but with different aspectual nuances typical of each language's narrative style.

Greek uses the singular τὸ ὄρος with article and accusative preposition εἰς; Latin mirrors this with in montem (singular accusative); Syriac uses ܠܛܘܪܐ (singular with directional preposition), representing standard Semitic idiom for geographic features. All three traditions attest the singular 'mountain' against any plural variant.

Greek and Syriac place the conjunction immediately after the first clause; Vulgate delays et until after the vocavit clause, creating a different syntactic rhythm while preserving the same semantic coordination.

Greek uses a relative clause with emphatic pronoun αὐτός in nominative position (οὓς ἤθελεν αὐτός); Vulgate expands this with ad se quos voluit ipse, adding the reflexive prepositional phrase; Syriac employs a simpler relative construction ܠܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܨܒܐ without the emphatic pronoun. The Vulgate's ad se makes the reflexive action more explicit than the Greek or Syriac.

Vulgate inserts a colon after ipse to mark a stronger pause before the result clause; Greek uses a comma; Syriac has no equivalent punctuation marker. This represents medieval Latin editorial practice rather than a textual variant.

Greek uses ἀπῆλθον (aorist of ἀπέρχομαι, 'they went away/departed'); Vulgate uses venerunt (perfect of venio, 'they came'); Syriac uses ܐܬܘ (perfect of ܐܬܐ, 'they came'). Greek emphasizes movement from one location, while Latin and Syriac emphasize arrival at the destination—semantically equivalent but lexically distinct perspectives.