Mark 4:29 — 希臘文 / 別西大 / 武加大對齊

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT ὅταν δὲ

Peshitta ܡܐ ܕܝܢ

Vulgate Et cum

All three open with a temporal-conjunctive frame, but the discourse particles diverge in placement: Greek pairs ὅταν with postpositive δέ, Syriac splits ܡܐ ('when') from postpositive ܕܝܢ, and the Vulgate prefixes coordinating Et to the temporal cum. The semantic value is equivalent across traditions.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

substitution All three attest

Greek NT παραδοῖ

Peshitta ܕܫܡܢ

Vulgate produxerit

Greek παραδοῖ ('hands over/yields') and Latin produxerit ('brings forth') describe the fruit being produced or offered up, whereas the Peshitta ܕܫܡܢ (root d-sh-m, 'grows fat/ripens') foregrounds the ripeness of the produce. The Syriac thus reads the agronomic process rather than the act of yielding.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

substitution All three attest

Greek NT ἀποστέλλει

Peshitta ܐܬܝܐ

Vulgate mittit

Greek ἀποστέλλει and Latin mittit both mean 'he sends (forth) [the sickle]', an active causative idiom for beginning the harvest. The Peshitta ܐܬܝܐ (root a-th-a, 'comes') instead has the sickle 'come', shifting from an external agent dispatching the tool to an impersonal or intransitive arrival, a recognisably Syriac reformulation of the harvest image.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

lexical All three attest

Greek NT παρέστηκεν

Peshitta ܕܡܛܝ

Vulgate adest

Greek παρέστηκεν (perfect of παρίστημι, 'has come/stands ready') and Latin adest ('is present') express the harvest standing at hand. The Syriac uses the prefixed verb ܕܡܛܝ (root m-T, 'has arrived/become due'), a cognate idiom for the season having reached its appointed time; the divergence is purely lexical, not semantic.

Mark 4 : 29

批判性批註