Mark 5 : 4

Greek employs articular infinitive construction (διὰ τὸ αὐτὸν... δεδέσθαι) with explicit accusative subject αὐτόν; both Peshitta and Vulgate omit the pronoun, using finite verbal constructions that render the subject implicit in the verb morphology.

Greek πολλάκις ('often') and Vulgate sæpe are simple adverbs; Peshitta expands to ܕܟܠ ܐܡܬܝ ('whenever, every time'), a temporal clause construction that conveys iterative aspect more explicitly through syntax rather than lexical adverb alone.

Greek lists πέδαις καὶ ἁλύσεσιν ('shackles and chains'); Vulgate reverses to compedibus et catenis; Peshitta follows Greek order (ܒܣܘܛܡܐ ܘܒܫܫܠܬܐ) but repeats the preposition ܒ ('with') before each noun, a typical Semitic distributive construction.

Greek uses perfect passive infinitive δεδέσθαι; Vulgate employs perfect passive participle vinctus in ablative absolute; Peshitta uses imperfect passive participle ܡܬܐܣܪ with auxiliary ܗܘܐ, forming a periphrastic past habitual construction semantically equivalent but syntactically distinct.

Greek καί coordinates the two infinitives (δεδέσθαι... διεσπάσθαι); Peshitta and Vulgate restructure the syntax such that this coordinating conjunction is absorbed into their respective finite/participial constructions and does not surface as a discrete token.

Greek employs perfect passive infinitive διεσπάσθαι with agent phrase ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ('by him') followed by direct object τὰς ἁλύσεις; Vulgate uses pluperfect active indicative dirupisset catenas (subject-verb-object, no agent phrase needed); Peshitta reverses to object-verb order (ܫܫܠܬܐ ܡܬܒܪ ܗܘܐ, 'the chains were being broken'), employing passive participle with auxiliary, and omits explicit agent as contextually recoverable.

Greek coordinates with καὶ τὰς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι (object-verb); Vulgate uses et compedes comminuisset (conjunction-object-verb); Peshitta employs ܘܣܘܛܡܐ ܡܦܣܩ ܗܘܐ (conjunction-object-participle-auxiliary), maintaining the Semitic preference for fronted objects in coordinate clauses describing sequential actions.

Greek uses imperfect ἴσχυεν ('was able'); Vulgate employs imperfect poterat; Peshitta uses active participle ܡܫܟܚ with auxiliary ܗܘܐ, forming a periphrastic imperfect construction that mirrors the Greek/Latin aspectual value through analytic rather than synthetic morphology.

Greek and Vulgate retain explicit accusative pronoun αὐτόν/eum as object of the infinitive δαμάσαι/domare; Peshitta attaches the third masculine singular object suffix directly to the infinitive ܠܡܟܒܫܗ ('-him'), a standard Semitic pronominal suffixation pattern that renders a separate pronoun token unnecessary.