Mark 12 : 43

Greek uses an aorist middle participle προσκαλεσάμενος ('having summoned to himself'); the Peshitta renders with a finite verb ܘܩܪܐ ('and he called') coordinated by waw, while the Vulgate preserves the participial construction with convocans. The Syriac collapses the participle into a paratactic finite clause, a typical Semitic stylistic preference over Greek hypotaxis.

Greek τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ and Vulgate discipulos suos both render 'his disciples' analytically with a separate possessive; Syriac ܠܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ encodes the article, noun, and 3ms possessive suffix in a single inflected word, a morphological compression characteristic of Syriac.

Greek εἶπεν (aorist) and Vulgate ait both stand as finite verbs of speaking; the Peshitta ܘܐܡܪ adds a coordinating waw, continuing the paratactic chain begun with ܘܩܪܐ rather than subordinating the second action.

Greek λέγω ὑμῖν and Vulgate dico vobis express the subject pronominally within the finite verb; Syriac ܐܡܪ ܐܢܐ ܠܟܘܢ uses the enclitic pronoun ܐܢܐ as an explicit subject marker after the participle, a standard Syriac periphrastic present construction.

Greek πάντων and Vulgate omnibus render the comparison 'than all' with a single masculine/neuter plural; Syriac expands to ܡܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܐܢܫܐ ('than all the people/men'), supplying an explicit substantive ܐܢܫܐ where the Greek and Latin leave the noun unexpressed. This is a clarifying Syriac expansion specifying the comparison class.

Greek τῶν βαλλόντων uses an articular present participle in the genitive ('of those casting'); the Vulgate renders with a relative clause qui miserunt, and Syriac ܕܪܡܝܢ uses a proclitic relative dalath plus participle. The three traditions express the same partitive idea through three distinct syntactic constructions: Greek substantival participle, Latin relative clause, Syriac relative-marked participle.