Mark 12 : 43

The Peshitta explicitly names the subject ܝܫܘܥ (Yeshua) at token 1, whereas both Greek and Latin use only the participle (προσκαλεσάμενος / convocans) without naming Jesus. This is a typical Syriac clarification strategy to avoid ambiguity in narrative flow.

Greek uses the article + noun + possessive pronoun (τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ); Vulgate omits the possessive (discipulos suos); Peshitta employs a pronominal suffix on the noun (ܠܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ, 'to-his-disciples'), a standard Semitic construction semantically equivalent to the Greek.

The Vulgate inserts a colon (:) to mark the transition from narrative frame to direct discourse. Neither Greek nor Peshitta manuscripts employ this punctuation convention at this juncture, though Greek uses a raised dot (·) after αὐτοῖς in some witnesses.

The Peshitta expands the solemn formula ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν by inserting the explicit first-person pronoun ܐܢܐ ('I') between the two verbs (ܐܡܝܢ ܐܡܪ ܐܢܐ ܠܟܘܢ), yielding 'Amen, I say, I, to you.' This emphatic pronoun is absent in both Greek and Latin but reflects Syriac rhetorical preference for subject explicitness.

Greek ὅτι and Latin quoniam both introduce the content clause; Peshitta uses the relative particle ܕ (d-), which functions identically but is morphologically a different construction (relative vs. conjunction). Semantically aligned.

Greek employs double articulation (ἡ χήρα αὕτη ἡ πτωχή, 'the widow this the poor'), a Semitic-influenced attributive structure. Peshitta uses the demonstrative prefix ܕܗܕܐ ('that this') + noun + adjective (ܐܪܡܠܬܐ ܡܣܟܢܬܐ). Vulgate reorders to Latin norms: vidua haec pauper (widow this poor), omitting the second article. All three are semantically equivalent.

Greek uses the comparative adjective πλεῖον + genitive πάντων ('more than all') with the verb ἔβαλεν following. Peshitta employs ܝܬܝܪ ܡܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ ('more than all') + verb ܐܪܡܝܬ, mirroring Greek syntax. Vulgate inverts to plus omnibus misit ('more than all cast'), placing the verb last. All convey identical comparative semantics.

Greek uses the preposition εἰς + article + noun (εἰς τὸ γαζοφυλάκιον, 'into the treasury'). Peshitta employs the construct-state phrase ܒܝܬ ܓܙܐ ('house-of treasury'), a typical Semitic genitive construction. Vulgate uses in + accusative (in gazophylacium). All three denote the same location with tradition-specific syntax.