Mark 3 : 15

Greek opens with a simple conjunction καί joined to an infinitive ἔχειν ('to have'); the Peshitta renders the clause with the conjunctive-relative ܘܕܢܗܘܘܢ ('and that they might be'), introducing a finite subjunctive construction, while the Vulgate supplies a finite indicative verb dedit ('he gave'). The three traditions express the same grant of authority through three distinct syntactic strategies.

Greek ἔχειν ἐξουσίαν ('to have authority') is rendered in Syriac by the single predicative adjective ܫܠܝܛܝܢ ('they being empowered/authorised'), collapsing verb and noun into one lexeme from the root sh-l-T. The Vulgate expands the idea explicitly with dedit illis potestatem ('he gave them power'), supplying both the indirect object and an active verb of giving absent from the Greek infinitival phrase.

Greek τὰς νόσους ('the diseases', with article) is matched by the anarthrous plural infirmitates in Latin and by Syriac ܟܪܝܗܐ, which is properly 'the sick/infirm ones' (root k-r-h) rather than the abstract 'diseases'. The Peshitta thus shifts the object from the ailments to the afflicted persons, a common Syriac concretising tendency.

The connective καί / et ('and') is here absorbed by the Syriac into the prefixed waw of the verbal form ܘܢܦܩܘܢ ('and that they cast out'), so that conjunction and verb are written as a single token. The conjunctive force is preserved across all three witnesses.

Greek τὰ δαιμόνια carries the definite article with the neuter plural ('the demons'); the Vulgate dæmonia and the Syriac ܕܝܘܐ (root d-y-w) are both anarthrous plurals, the article being unrepresentable in Latin and absent in this Syriac construction. The referent is identical across the three traditions.