Mark 3 : 23

Greek uses an aorist middle participle (προσκαλεσάμενος, 'having summoned to himself'); the Vulgate matches with an ablative absolute (convocatis eis); the Syriac employs a finite verb ܘܩܪܐ ('and he called'), coordinated paratactically rather than subordinated as a participle, a typical Semitic preference for parataxis over hypotaxis.

The Peshitta inserts the explicit subject ܝܫܘܥ ('Jesus'), absent from both the Greek and the Vulgate, which carry the subject only implicitly in the verb. This is a characteristic Syriac clarifying expansion supplying the named agent for the participial/finite clause.

Greek ἔλεγεν is imperfect ('he was saying', durative aspect) and the Vulgate dicebat likewise renders it imperfect; the Syriac ܐܡܪ is the simple perfect ('he said'), flattening the iterative/durative nuance of the Greek imperfect into an unmarked past.

Greek marks the second 'Satan' by the accusative case ending (σατανᾶν) and Latin by the accusative Satanam; the Syriac, lacking case inflection, signals the direct object with the proclitic preposition ܠ (ܠܣܛܢܐ), an analytic equivalent of the Greek/Latin accusative.

Greek uses the present active infinitive ἐκβάλλειν ('to cast out') and the Vulgate the infinitive ejicere; the Syriac ܠܡܦܩܘ is an infinitive of the root p-q (Aphel, 'to bring/cast out') prefixed with ܠ, syntactically parallel but built on a 'go out' causative rather than a 'throw out' lexeme.