Mark 2 : 4

Greek uses a participial construction (μὴ δυνάμενοι προσενέγκαι, 'not being able to bring'); Peshitta employs a finite verb with negation (ܘܕܠܐ ܐܫܟܚܘ ܠܡܬܩܪܒܘ, 'and they were not able to approach'); Vulgate uses a temporal clause (cum non possent offerre, 'when they could not offer'). All three convey inability but differ syntactically.

Vulgate adds the dative pronoun illi ('to him'), making the indirect object explicit, whereas Greek αὐτῷ and Peshitta ܠܘܬܗ already encode this meaning without requiring a separate pronoun for the crowd's agents.

Greek ἀπεστέγασαν τὴν στέγην ('they unroofed the roof') is a single action; Peshitta expands with two verbs: ܣܠܩܘ ܠܗܘܢ ܠܐܓܪܐ ('they went up to the roof'), adding the ascent as a preliminary step not present in Greek or Vulgate. Vulgate nudaverunt tectum ('they stripped the roof') mirrors Greek semantically.

Greek ὅπου ἦν ('where he was') uses a simple relative adverb with imperfect verb; Peshitta employs a compound construction ܕܐܬܪ ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܗܘܐ ('of the place where he was'), using a genitive relative phrase with existential particle. Vulgate ubi erat mirrors Greek structure.

Peshitta explicitly names Jesus (ܝܫܘܥ) as the subject of 'where he was,' clarifying the antecedent. Neither Greek nor Vulgate include the proper name here, relying on contextual reference to αὐτῷ/eum earlier in the verse.

Vulgate inserts a colon after erat, creating a stronger syntactic break between the roof-removal and the lowering action. Greek and Peshitta use coordinating conjunctions (καὶ / ܘ) to maintain continuous narrative flow without punctuation pause.

Greek ἐξορύξαντες ('having dug through/broken up') describes breaking through the roof material; Peshitta ܘܐܪܝܡܘ ܬܛܠܝܠܐ ('and they lifted the covering') uses a different verb emphasizing removal rather than excavation. Vulgate patefacientes ('opening up') is semantically intermediate, suggesting exposure rather than violent digging.

Greek uses the relative adverb ὅπου ('where') to introduce the paralytic's location; Peshitta employs a participial construction ܕܪܡܐ ܗܘܐ ܒܗ ('who was lying in it'), using a passive participle with locative pronoun. Vulgate in quo ('in which') uses a prepositional relative clause, structurally closer to Peshitta.

Greek places the article and noun before the verb (ὁ παραλυτικὸς κατέκειτο, 'the paralytic was lying'); Peshitta uses only the noun ܡܫܪܝܐ ('paralytic') with the verb already expressed in the relative clause; Vulgate paralyticus jacebat mirrors Greek word order with subject-verb sequence.